Dr. Melham shows here how formal logic can be used to specify the behavior of hardware designs and reason about their correctness. A primary theme of the book is the use of abstraction in hardware specification and verification. The author describes how certain fundamental abstraction mechanisms for hardware verification can be formalized in logic and used to express assertions about design correctness and the relative accuracy of models of hardware behavior. His approach is pragmatic and driven by examples. He also includes an introduction to higher-order logic, which is a widely used formalism in this subject, and describes how that formalism is actually used for hardware verification. The book is based in part on the author's own research as well as on graduate teaching. Thus it can be used to accompany courses on hardware verification and as a resource for research workers. Read more...
]]>

View the Original article

View the Original article

The Sedgwick Prize for the best essay on a geological subject was instituted in memory of Adam Sedgwick, the geologist who introduced Darwin to geology in walking tours of north Wales, but later opposed his theories. One of its most eminent winners was A. C. Seward (1863-1941), then a young lecturer in botany at Cambridge. He combined the study of botany with geology in his research on what the age and location of fossilised flora can reveal about the climates of different geological periods. The author of the standard early twentieth-century textbook in the field, Fossil Plants for Students of Botany and Geology (1898-1919), he served as Professor of Botany at Cambridge, Master of Downing College and Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University. This Sedgwick Prize essay sets out the state of knowledge in the field in 1892 and was the foundation of a lifetime's work in palaeobotany. Read more...
]]>

View the Original article

Based on the experience of the author of actuarial education students last year in Britain and Australia and suitable for a first course in the theory of insurance risk, this book focuses on the two main areas of the theory of risk - comprehensive claims distribution and theory of ruin. For the distribution of comprehensive claims, detailed descriptions are given recursive techniques that can be used in individual and collective risk models. The collective model, different counting distribution classes and recursion schemes for the functions of probability and the moments presented are discussed. The individual model, the three commonly applied techniques are discussed and illustrated. Care has been taken to make books available to readers who have a solid understanding of the basis of the theory of probabilities tools. Many worked examples are included in the text, and every chapter ends with exercises, who answers in the book. To learn more...
]]>

View the Original article